The Hawai‘i Department of Health (DOH) has confirmed one travel-related dengue virus case on Oʻahu. The individual traveled to a region where dengue is known to be spread. Symptoms of dengue can range from mild to severe and include fever, nausea, vomiting, rash, and body aches. Symptoms typically last two to seven days and although severe and even life-threatening illness can occur, most people recover after about a week.
"If you have traveled recently to any area where dengue is common and are experiencing these symptoms, please contact your health care provider," advised the DOH.
There have been five confirmed travel-related dengue cases identified in the state (one on Maui, four on Oʻahu) so far in 2024. During these case investigations, travel exposure came from various locations around the world where dengue transmission is known to occur. Multiple regions around the world are currently experiencing higher-than-normal dengue activity.
Dengue virus is spread from an infected person to mosquito to person. While Hawai‘i is home to the type of mosquitoes that can carry dengue, the disease is not endemic here, and recent cases have only been found among travelers. Dengue outbreaks do occur in many parts of the world including Central and South America, Asia (including the Republic of the Philippines), the Middle East, Africa, some Pacific Islands (including American Samoa), Federated States of Micronesia, Republic of Marshall Islands, Republic of Palau and many popular tourist destinations in the Caribbean (including Puerto Rico).
"Anyone who plans to travel or has traveled to an area with dengue is at risk for infection," said a DOH spokesperson.
Currently, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) advises travelers to take usual precautions when traveling to areas of dengue risk. This includes reviewing country-specific travel information for up-to-date guidance on dengue risk and prevention measures four to six weeks before traveling.
"Travelers returning from an area with risk of dengue should take steps to prevent mosquito bites for three weeks," added the CDC advisory. "If symptoms of dengue develop within two weeks upon return, seek medical evaluation."
In areas with suspected or confirmed dengue cases, Hawai‘i DOH personnel from the Vector Control Branch conduct inspections and mosquito-reducing activities. Reducing mosquito populations reduces chances of further transmission.
"In areas without reported dengue cases, eliminating mosquito-breeding sites in and around your home is a good practice," noted DOH officials.
Mosquitoes need only small amounts of standing water to breed. Common breeding sites at home include containers holding standing water which should be poured out regularly.